IG 38 -A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY ON GEORGE ELIOT' S SILAS MARNER

A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY ON GEORGE ELIOT' S
SILAS MARNER

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A.      Background or the study

An individual cannot be free from his own life. As a member of a society, an author cannot be free from the influence of his communities. The life is influenced by culture, religion, idea and convention of his society. A life of a human being cannot stand by itself There is a sense of dependence. In condition, this interrelation should be advantageous. Every site should have a chance to take and to give. As a nature of interrelationship that is mutualism. Mail lives in social reality he has to make an adjustment with the social condition a good cooperation is expectedly ill here.

Life essentially concerns with the social aspects which involve politic, economy, social, culture, and religion. Moral is an important part of tile social life, It will determine a man in the society, how the man acts adapting to the society. I here are various characteristics of human being in society. The characteristics reflect someone's behavior, attitude, and the way of speaking , dressing, and thinking. The variations of their behavior are caused by man cases such as family, environment and education.

We know that literature has close relation with the society. They are part of social aspects as the reality of the social life. Literature is not the imaginative work. It means that the author will not be able to create the work by ignoring the reality in tile social life. What the story is talking about is gotten from the experience in the social life. Literature can be seen as a reflection or representation of human life in human society in which literature itself exist.

Literature, like society, is a totality. The relation between literature and society is starting with the phrase that literature is an expression of society. Basically literary work presents a picture of life which has many similarities with the real daily life. Situation, characters and problems described in tile work of art are description of this human life complete with its various problem and aspects. Thus literary work which can't be separated From social condition where author lived is an author’s expression which is embodied through the medium of language. Literature call give more knowledge to understand the essence of life. Literature call be help For if, to be realistic, mature and wiser in understanding tile reality of life, so Matthew Arnold says "AII good literature is criticism of life." It is mean that this literature has Function to criticize the life's problem and give the solution of how to improve it.

The novel Silos Marner written by George Eliot is very interesting to be analyzed as the object of research. This novel reflecting the moral concern and social criticism in the Victorian Age. One of' general characteristics of Victorian period in England was the rise of novel dedicated to develop the moral of society. In  this period novel didn't only used to defict life as it was but also how life should how been. Therefore many novels of this period in general were problem novels : pieces of' work which illustrated the problems of society and proposed (lie ideas and thoughts to solve them. This novel also gives the story of a simple weaver of file village of Raveloe who lived among stupid, deep moral teaching that opportunities for bettering our life do come to everybody, and everything depends oil whether we realize them and make something for them. In a genius way Eliot simply give the main character of this novel, Silas, opportunities for bettering his life.

George Eliot's has a good depiction to what happens in England as expressed ill Silas Marmer. This novel is very interesting to be analyzed, especially with sociological analysis.

B.      Literature Review

A study of Silas Marmer has been conducted by Faizal Risdianto in his thesis entitled: "I^-he Influence of Inferiority Feelings on the Life of,5ila.c A9crritcr in George Eliot’s Silas marmer. The tries to explain the way of Silas's life problems which cause the feeling of inferiority and how this feeling Influences his mental development.

Another study of Silos Marmer is conducted by Ropiko Herna Cahyaningsih in George Eliot's view on human life in her novel Silas Marmer Genetic Structuralism. It focuses on the relation between (lie internal structure of the work and the longer structures of social reality. The sociological analysis in George Eliot’s Silas Marmer has never been studied, so the researcher wants to analyze this novel.

C.      Problem Statement

The problem of the study is how the novel reflects the social realities of the mid nineteenth-century English society.

D.      Objective of the Study

Vile objective of this study are as follows:

1.       To analyze the novel in term of its structure (structural analysis)

2.       To identity the relation between the structure of Silas Marmer  and tile social condition of England in 1861.

E.      Benefit of the Study

The benefits expected from this study are as follows:

1.       Institutional Benefit

Hopefully , the result of this research will give some benefits to the world of literature, in the term of the sociological literary study.

2.       Practical Benefit

The thesis writer wanted this study would give some contributions to the development of literary study. In addition, it would help researches who want to examine Silas marmer literary work.

F.       Research Method

The researcher in this novel using qualitative method. 'File object of the study is George Eliot's novel, Silas Marmer

1.       The object of the study

The researcher uses the novel Silas Marmer as the object of the study. It was written by Gorge Eliot in England in 1861.

2.       In collecting the data, the writer uses qualitative research. The writer collects and records the evidence from the primary data and secondary data, the writer is doing some ways below:

a.       Read the study many times, until the writer gets the information.

b.       Read some books, which have correlation to the novel especially about sociological matters.

c.        Read information about Silos Marmer in internet to get new data about this novel.

3.       Technique Data Analysis

The techniques is descriptive that is the interpretation of the text which is based on the structural analysis.

G.      Paper Organization

The paper is divided into six chapters. Chapter One is the introduction which includes the background of the study, literature review, problem statement, Objective of the study, benefit of the study, research method and paper organization. Underlying theory will be presented in Chapter Two. Chapter Three deals with tile social background of English society in the middle nineteenth century. The analysis of structural elements of the novel, which consist of character and characterization, theme, setting, point of view, plot, and style, will be described in Chapter Four. The important part of this study is the sociological analysis of the novel, which will be presented in Chapter Five, Finally, Chapter Six is where the writer will make conclusions and give suggestions.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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Burns, Elizabeth & Tom Burns. 1973. Sociology of Literature and Drama. Middles: Penguin Books.

Coyle, Martin et all. 1991. Encyclopaedia of Literature and Cristims. London: Routledge.

Eliot, George. 1962. Silas Marner, The Weaver of Raveole. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.

Kenney, Wiliam. 1996. How to Analyze  Fiction. New York: Simon & Schuster. A Division of Gulfand Western Cooperation.

Kennedy, X.J. 1983. Literature an Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama, Toronto: Little Brown and Company.

Koesnobroto, Suanryono B. Drs. 1988. The Anatomy of Prose Fiction. Jakarta: Depdikbud.

Levin, 11. 1973. Literatur as Institution 'in Burns Elizabeth and Burns, Tom,

Lyon, Bryce. 1969. A History of Western World. RAND. Me. Nally History Series. London- Brown University.

Me. Key. John P. 1983. A History of Western Society . Borton, Houghton, and Muffin C,0nihany.

Mills, Sara, Lyne Pearce, Sye Spoull, Elaine Milliand. 1989. Feminist Rewadings or Feminist Reading. Great Britain: Bidles ltd, Guldtord and King's Lynn.

Oackland, J. 1989. British Civilization  An Introduction . London: Routledbe.

Rose, Richard. 1964. Politics in England the Little, Brow Series Comparative Politics. Boston &Toronto: The Little Brown and Company.

Swingewood, A and Diana Laurenson. 1972. The Sociology of literature . London: Paladin.

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