MOTIVATION IN JEANNE WAKATSUKI HOUSTON FAREWELL TO
MANZANAR: A STUDY OF
THE MAIN CHARACTER’S EFFORT TO
ACHIEVE HER GOALS
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1
General Background of the Study
Human beings are ordinarily curious about each
other’s, themselves or to convey their ideas related to human experience. In
addition, they often ask questions about the reasons for her behavior and
action. To satisfy their curiosity they learn through reading literature.
Literature is not only gives us a fantasy of enjoying reading, but also takes
us to understand and to learn about life experience.
People often tend to interpret it as textbooks
or as anything simply that is written. This definition is too broad. Rees,
(1973:2) states that: Literature at least has two different ways in using the
word literature. First, literature in the broad sense means anything that is
written. This kind of literature is used when people need information. Second, literature
in addition, serious sense, means a permanent expression in words of some
thought or feeling or idea about life and the world. Literature is performance
in word; it strongly holds our attention seems complete in itself; it is not
primary regarded as sources of information, it is offer unique delight
satisfaction (Barnet, et. al, 1963:8). Meanwhile, Connolly as quoted by
Koesnosoebroto (1988: 3) states that literature is divided into literature of
imagination and literature of knowledge. The literature of imagination
interprets experience by victituo is presentation of persons, ideas and events
the author invents of life like image or story that embodies truths of human
nature.
Whereas, the literature of knowledge interprets
facts, ideas, or happenings. It is based on the people’s need of information.
The examples of literature of imagination are drama, poem, and novel. The
examples of the literature of knowledge are technical books, textbook, etc.
Beside the definition of literature, it is
necessary to know why people do study literature. Literature has its roots in
one of the most basic human desire, the desire for pleasure. Literature gives
pleasure to the reader by imitating life or more precisely by displaying its
writer’s vision of life as it displays or as the writers think, it should be.
For example, a truly good book can speak of imaginary people so vividly that
they seem more alive than other people do in real life.
Connolly as quoted by Koesnosoebroto (1988)
states that people read literature because of hunger of information or
amusement or solace because of an appetite for truth that seems to grow by what
it feeds on. They read to discover themselves and their world, to asses their
special roles in the universe, to learn the meaning of the personal struggles
in which they are engaged. In other words, they want to share experience.
Based on the explanation above the writer draws
a conclusion that literature is everything that has ever been written and one
of the fine arts. It entertains and gives pleasures and it can imitate life and
its problems. Literature my be divided into novels, plays, short stories,
poetry, essays, biographies, magazines and so on. One of literary works is
novel. The word novel is derived from the Italian novella, the
full length novel may consist of over 100.000 words, contain a number of
characters. Some of them are fully developed, have more incidents, scenes, or
episodes, have a number of settings, and may take place in a long spent of
time. It may have more than one theme, may have both minor and major crisis and
climaxes. A Prose is longer than a short story. Its chief purpose is usually to
entertain, but it may also help readers to understand life and the history of
mankind. The novel can also help to make a reader a more understanding person,
and more tolerant and more sympathetic toward suffering.
While, Kennedy (1979: 231) states that a novel
is a book of length story in prose whose authors tries to creates the sense
that, while we read our experience actual life.
Koesnosoebroto (1988: 19) quoted by Hall (1983:
195) states that length allows and perhaps requires the novel multiple
structure, it gives space to several protagonists and more character, both
round and flat. There may be plots, counterplots, and subplots, stories outside
the main story, often arranged for contrast or ironic comment. We also have
more space for social and istorical complexity, more psychological background
of character, motives, and choice. The reason of why character does some
actions is called motivation.
Some people seem to be very successful, highly
motivated individuals. The energy, the drive, or the directions come from
motivation. Motivation is an area of psychology that has gotten a great deal of
attention, especially in the recent years. The reason is that we all want to be
successful, we all want direction and drive, and we all want to be seen as
motivated. Motivation refers, in a general sense, to processes involved in the initiation,
direction, and energization of individual behavior (Parkinson & Colman,
1995: 38).
Based on the theories of motivation, the writer
concludes that motivation is condition that activates behavior to refer in
general sense of individual behavior. In this study, the writer focuses on the
motivation of the main character’s effort to achieve her goal in Jeanne
Wakutsuki Houston Farewell to Manzanar as the topic of my study.
1.2
Reason for Choosing the Topic
There
are several reasons why the writer chooses the topic “motivation in Jeanne
Wakatsuki Houston’s Farewell to Manzanar: A study of the main character’s
Effort to Achieve Her Goal” are as follows:
First, motivation is a great thing in our life
that influences all of our activity. Therefore, this topic is important to be
analyzed because it gives explanation about motivation of the character in
achieving her goal. So, we can take it to be employed in our life. Second,
motivation is very important in learning teaching activity.
Learners should have good motivation to get
good result in studying. Therefore, by analyzing the motivation of the
character in achieving the goal. Hopefully, it can apply the concept of
motivation found in the novel Farewell to Manzanar in English
teaching.
Third, the topic is very significant to the
development of literary appreciation or literary analysis because it can be
used as the example of literary analysis. Finally, the writer knows, this topic
has not been discussed broadly by students of English Department of UNNES.
Therefore, it is necessary for me to explore it. This discussion can give
benefit for students majoring in English Literature who interest in psychology.
It also can help them to be more optimistic because after reading and analyzing
this novel, they can see the struggle of life to become a successful person.
1.3
Statements of the Problem
In this thesis, the writer wants to
limit the discussion of the motivation in Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston’s novel Farewell
to Manzanar by presenting the following problem:
(1)
What is the intrinsic motivation of the main character?
(2)
What is the extrinsic motivation of the main character?
(3)
How is the concept of motivation applied in English teaching?
1.4
Objectives of the Study
The objectives of the study can be stated as follows:
(1)
To analyze the intrinsic motivation of the main character in the
novel.
(2)
To analyze the extrinsic motivation of the main character in the
novel.
(3)
To find out the concept of motivation in English teaching.
1.5
Significance of the Study
The significance of the study would be as follows:
(1)
The study would be able to introduce literature to students.
(2)
The study would be able to help the readers to analyze the novel.
(3)
This study is expected to give additional knowledge for people who
are interested in learning motivation.
(4)
The result of the study would become a basis or reference for
those who want to make analysis in the same fields especially the students of
English department of UNNES.
1.6
Outline of the Study
This thesis is divided into five
chapters. Each chapter will contain different topic.
Chapter I is the introduction. This chapter
explains the background of the study, the reason for choosing the topic,
statements of the problem, the objectives of the study, the significant of the
study, the method of investigation, and the outline of the thesis
Chapter II is the review to the related
literature. This chapter describes psychology, motivation, the type of
motivation, the effort, achieves, the goal, the elements of the novel.
Chapter III is method of investigation. This
chapter includes the object of the study, the sources of data, the procedures
of collecting data, the procedures of analyzing data the procedure of reporting
data, the elements of Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston’s novel Farewell to Manzanar.
Chapter IV is the result of analysis. This
chapter contains of the synopsis of Farewell to Manzanar and discussion
of the study, they are intrinsic and extrinsic motivation of the main character
Chapter V contains the conclusion and
suggestion.
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