A
DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF REGISTERS USED IN
NATIONAL
BASKETBALL ASSOCIATION (NBA) GAMES
IN
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
CHAPTER
I
INTRODUCTION
A.
Background of the Study
In everyday life, we should use our language to communicate. People use
the language to express their feeling of something, to show their appreciation
to something, to provide information’s and so on. Communication can be defined
as a process by which information is changed between individuals through a
common system of symbols, signs or behavior (Webster 1981:225). Through this
term, we know that communication involves (1) the persons who are going to
communicate, (2) the information to be communicated, (3) the media or the means
of communication.
Sociolinguistics is the study of the ways people use language in social
interaction (Chaika, 1982:2). Language and society are so closely related, thus
it is impossible to understand one without the other. Human beings have a close
relation with language and they extremely need it in their lives. In the other
hand, language has a very important role and function in life. Even life will
stop if there is no language. The function of language as a mean of communication
shows the Culture of people itself that refers to all aspects of shared life in
a community. Individually, we use language to expose or to show our personal
identity, our character, and our background.
Language is defined as an arbitrary vocal’s symbols used for human
communication (Wardhaugh, 1977:3). The humans use a certain language to
communicate. Each human uses a different language to be their mean of communication.
Here, the communication is used to give information’s to the other human so
that they understand each other about the information’s.
Language is treated as an instrument or tool (cause of an event), as a
regulation (to control a certain event), as a representation (to describe the
event). The language we learn, gives us not only a system of communication, but
it also dictates the type and the form of the communication we make, The
function of language is also as a part of identities, whether it is a personal
, a tribe or a national identity. Though the essence of language is as a mean
of communication, the use of language is very sensitive and gives many impacts.
Talking about the relationship between language and sport is interesting
to be discussed. Although the role of language is not directly involved in
sport events, the development of language used is very fast, tor example, the
language used in basketball, the most popular sport in America. The development
of the language is now very obvious. There are so many registers used in it.
The example of the registers is in the following sentence:
1.
Wally
Szczerbiak has scored the highest point in his career and Garnett just missed a triple double with 26 points, 16 rebounds and 9 assist
2.
Two free-throws by Payton gave Seattle a 103-100 lead
with 19 seconds left in the, forth-quarter.
There are some registers found in the sentences above. The word triple-double above means that a player has marked
two digits points in three different categories of statistic. The categories
that are scored will be rebound, point, steal, block and assist. The word point, rebound and assist are the other registers we
found. However, the meaning of the register is usually different from its
lexical meaning. Each register represents one event or thing in the match. The
other registers we found are free-throw and forth-quarter. The meaning of, free-throw is a free shot that is given to one team
as the punishment for the foul of the other team. Fourth-quarter means the last 12 minutes in a
basketball match. As we know that in basketball game, there are 4 quarters and
each quarter is 12 minutes long. The register here can be a word or phrase.
Although there are many people who understand about the meaning of the registers they usually do not
know how or when they are used. Here, the writer is interested in making a
research about the registers used and hopefully it will help the readers to
find out the Solution of their problems in understanding the registers.
B.
Review of the Related Literature
As we know, language occurs in many ways in our daily life. Some social
phenomena had encouraged the people to make some language phenomena also.
Register is one of those language phenomena. Register means the language of
groups of people with common interests or jobs, or the language used in
situation associated with such groups (Holmes 1992:276). So, here we know that
register is a special way of people in uttering something.
There are so many kinds of registers. Doctors, scientist, journalist,
sports commentator have their own registers. Even some spoil events have their
own registers.
So far, there is no such kind of research has been done by someone at
least in the writer campus. Fauzy lchsanto, one of the graduated students of English Department has analyzed
the registers used in prostitution. Thus, the data and the problem in this
research will be different
C.
Research Problems
In order to spesify the topic discussed in the following, the writer would
like to formulate the problems as follows:
1.
What
registers are used in the basketball games?
2.
What
are the characteristics of the registers?
3.
What
do the registers symbolize for?
D.
Objectives of the Study
The writer would like to formulate some objectives deal with the
research, as follows.
1.
To
identify the registers used in a basketball match and the NBA in general
2.
To
describe the characteristics of the registers used.
3.
To
clarify the meaning of each register.
4.
To
identify what the register is expressed for.
E.
Benefits of the Study
Having analyzed the problems, the writer would like to perform some
benefits of the research to the writer himself and to the readers in general,
as follows:
1. Practical Benefits
a. Enables the readers to know the
registers used in a basketball match spesifically and the registers used in the
NBA generally.
b. Gives a clear description about the
meaning of each registers used.
c.
Provides
the characteristics of the registers used
d. Gives a clear explanation about the
registers so that the readers will use the registers appropriately.
2. Academical Benefits
a. Gives some contributions to the
enlargement of vocabulary to the readers.
b. Supports the development of the
subjects dealing with the language acquisition.
F.
Paper Organization
In order to give some guidances for the writer or the readers in reading
the research, the writer would like to make an outline about the contents of
the research, as follows:
The first chapter deals with the background of the study, review of the related
literature, research problems, objectives of the study, benefits of the Study
and paper organization.
The second chapter includes some related theories. The third chapter
elaborates the method used to collect and analyze the data into conclusion. The
fourth chapter will he the analysis of this research. Finally, the fifth
chapter presents some conclusions and suggestions.
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